Reid Ginoza at 01:44, 30 March 2006

2006-03-30T01:44:21Z

Jennifer Wada at 09:59, 8 March 2006

2006-03-08T09:59:21Z

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Diagnosis was determining the
mechanism of loss of mana through
psycho-spiritual communication,
interviewing of the patient and his
'ohana (family), and physical
examination, 3_8/ Treatment was
restoring deficient mana through
ritualistic communication with the
psycho-spiritual realm of the gods,
supplemented by special foods, secretly
formulated herbals, physical
therapy and limited surgery. 39/
Medical care for the commoner was
the responsibility of the patient
himself, and, if necessary, an
experienced 'ohana elder. Only if the
illness were serious, and expensive
professional fees in hogs could be
paid, did a maka'ainana engage the
fastidious kahuna lapa'au (priestphysician)
, rigorously trained at the
heiau ho'ola (healing temple). 40/
The ali'i had regular access to
varieties of specialty kahuna lapa'au
whoso rituals and practices were
elaborate and extensive. 41/
The Hawaiians' autopsy observations,
4_2/ use of the clyster-enema,
4 3/ and emetics and cathartics 44/
provide evidence of beginning
experimentation and scientific
reasoning not found elsewhere in
Polynesia. 45/
This highly-refined, holistic and
preventive health system, harmoniously
integrated in their social fabric,
with nature about them, and their
spiritual realm beyond, was never to
recover from the impact of western
wa ys.
common contagious oacterial viral
illnesses, as well as alcnnol,
gunfire, and otner forms of disrespect
for the kapu, the gods, and nature.
One year later, in March 1779, when
these first, visitors departed, the
natives could see from the sick and
dead about them, that "the sliding way
of death" had begun. 46/
In 1804, the diarrheal epidemic of
ma'i 'oku'u (probably cholera or
typhoid) killed perhaps 15,000, £7/
and convinced Kamehameha the Great
that the gods did not favor his
military invasion of the island of
Kauai. 48/
Subsequent sporadic "catarrhs and
fevers" took other lives, so that by
1820, when the first missionaries
landed, the population estimate of
150,000 was half that at the time of
Cook, about 40 years previously. 49/
Other outbreaks of disease occurred as
follows:
• In 1824, Kamehameha II ani his
sister-wife Queen Karr.amaLu died
of measles in London. 5_0/
• In 1824-1826 and again in 1832,
epidemics of cough (whooping?)
and measles killed thousands of
natives. 51/
• In 1839, mumps killed "great
numbers" including Kina'u,
kuhina nui (regent), daughter
of Kamehameha the Great, and
mother of Kamehameha IV and V.
52/
Contact (1778 to 1893)
Pepopulation
Infections: In January 1778, the
arrival of the first foreigners,
Captain Cook and his seamen, brought
medical disaster in the form of the
venereal diseases, mainly gonorrhea
and syphilis, tuberculosis, other
• In 1845-1849, epidemics of
measles and pertussis and then
diarrhea and influenza left
over 12,000 dead. 53/
• In 1840, the first case of
leprosy in a Hawaiian was
detected. 54/ In 1865, because
of the alarming spread of this
fearsome malady, a new
{{p|102}}

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 psycho-spiritual communication,
 interviewing of the patient and his
-'ohana (family), and physical
+<u>'ohana</u> (family), and physical
-examination, 3_8/ Treatment was
+examination, <u>38</u>/ Treatment was
-restoring deficient mana through
+restoring deficient <u>mana</u> through
 ritualistic communication with the
 psycho-spiritual realm of the gods,
 supplemented by special foods, secretly
 formulated herbals, physical
-therapy and limited surgery. 39/
+therapy and limited surgery. <u>39</u>/
 Medical care for the commoner was
 the responsibility of the patient
 himself, and, if necessary, an
-experienced 'ohana elder. Only if the
+experienced <u>'ohana</u> elder. Only if the
 illness were serious, and expensive
 professional fees in hogs could be
-paid, did a maka'ainana engage the
+paid, did a <u>maka'ainana</u> engage the
-fastidious kahuna lapa'au (priestphysician)
+fastidious <u>kahuna</u> <u>lapa'au</u> (priest physician), rigorously trained at the
-, rigorously trained at the
+<u>heiau</u> <u>ho'ola</u> (healing temple). <u>40</u>/
-heiau ho'ola (healing temple). 40/
+The <u>ali'i</u> had regular access to
-The ali'i had regular access to
+varieties of specialty <u>kahuna</u> <u>lapa'au</u> whose rituals and practices were
-varieties of specialty kahuna lapa'au
+elaborate and extensive. <u>41</u>/
-whoso rituals and practices were
 The Hawaiians' autopsy observations,
-_2/ use of the clyster-enema,
+<u>42</u>/ use of the clyster-enema,
-3/ and emetics and cathartics 44/
+<u>43</u>/ and emetics and cathartics <u>44</u>/
 provide evidence of beginning
 experimentation and scientific
 reasoning not found elsewhere in
-Polynesia. 45/
+Polynesia. <u>45</u>/
 This highly-refined, holistic and
 preventive health system, harmoniously
@@ Line 38: / Line 39: @@
 spiritual realm beyond, was never to
 recover from the impact of western
-wa ys.
+ways.
-common contagious oacterial viral
-illnesses, as well as alcnnol,
+====Contact (1778 to 1893)====
 gunfire, and otner forms of disrespect
-for the kapu, the gods, and nature.
+for the <U>kapu</u>, the gods, and nature.
 One year later, in March 1779, when
 these first, visitors departed, the
 natives could see from the sick and
 dead about them, that "the sliding way
-of death" had begun. 46/
+of death" had begun. <u>46</u>/
 In 1804, the diarrheal epidemic of
-ma'i 'oku'u (probably cholera or
+<u>ma'i 'oku'u</u> (probably cholera or
-typhoid) killed perhaps 15,000, £7/
+typhoid) killed perhaps 15,000, <u>47</u>/
 and convinced Kamehameha the Great
 that the gods did not favor his
 military invasion of the island of
-Kauai. 48/
+Kauai. <u>48</u>/
 Subsequent sporadic "catarrhs and
 fevers" took other lives, so that by
@@ Line 60: / Line 68: @@
 landed, the population estimate of
 ,000 was half that at the time of
-Cook, about 40 years previously. 49/
+Cook, about 40 years previously. <u>49</u>/
 Other outbreaks of disease occurred as
 follows:
-• In 1824, Kamehameha II ani his
-sister-wife Queen Karr.amaLu died
+* In 1824, Kamehameha II and his sister-wife Queen Kamamalu died of measles in London. <u>50</u>/
-of measles in London. 5_0/
-• In 1824-1826 and again in 1832,
+* In 1824-1826 and again in 1832, epidemics of cough (whooping?)and measles killed thousands of
-epidemics of cough (whooping?)
+natives. <u>51</u>/
 and measles killed thousands of
-natives. 51/
+* In 1839, mumps killed "great numbers" including Kina'u, <u>kuhina nui</u> (regent), daughter of Kamehameha the Great, and mother of Kamehameha IV and V. <u>52</u>/
-• In 1839, mumps killed "great
-numbers" including Kina'u,
+* In 1845-1849, epidemics of measles and pertussis and then diarrhea and influenza left over 12,000 dead. <u>53</u>/
 kuhina nui (regent), daughter
-of Kamehameha the Great, and
+* In 1840, the first case of leprosy in a Hawaiian was detected. <u>54</u>/ In 1865, because
-mother of Kamehameha IV and V.
+of the alarming spread of this fearsome malady, a new
 {{p|102}}

Template:Nhsc-v1-102 - Revision history

Reid Ginoza at 01:44, 30 March 2006

Jennifer Wada at 09:59, 8 March 2006