Jennifer Wada at 06:44, 3 April 2006

2006-04-03T06:44:18Z

Jennifer Wada at 10:22, 8 March 2006

2006-03-08T10:22:04Z

New page

Ancient History To The Reciprocity Treaty
A. ANCIENT HAWAII
The origin of the native settlers
of the Hawaiian Islands has not been
definitively determined. \J While
"comparative ethnology, linguistics,
and archaeology leave little doubt
that Hawaiians were East Polynesian in
origin," 2/ scholars do not agree on
the origin, timing of the initial
settlement, and the number of periods
of migration.
Excavations on the island of Hawaii
indicate to some that "the first
significant settlement of the islands
was by people with a cultural
assemblage similar to that of archaic
East Polynesia and that this
settlement occurred sometime prior to
A.D. 400." 3/ The island from whence
these settlers originated, according
to this scholar, has yet to be
determined. Other scholars have
concluded that: "Early dispersal
[from the Marquesas Islands] to the
Society Islands, Hawaii, and Easter
Island probably took place between
A.D. 650 and 800..." 4/ The
population and culture of these early
settlers developed "largely isolated
from changes in other areas of
Polynesia." 5/ There is, however, an
oral tradition in Hawaii of a period
of two-way voyaging between Hawaii and
places to the south after this period
of isolation. With the use of
genealogies for time reckoning,
"scholars have estimated that this
voyaging would have occurred sometime
between A.D. 950 and 1350 if it did in
fact take place." 6_/ This second
migration is said to have had a significant
impact on Hawaii, particularly
in the area of new religious rites and
symbols. 7/
After this period, again according
to Hawaiian tradition, there was "no
contact with other areas of Polynesia
for some twenty generations prior to
European contact," 0/ Throughout
this period, meanwhile, the Hawaiians
were developing complex social,
cultural, and political systems.
Every aspect of Hawaiian life was
carried out in accordance with deeply
implanted religious beliefs.
Important events in each individual's
life were commemorated with prayers
and feasts honoring the person and the
family gods. Significant events in
everyday life began and ended with
appropriate rituals, including house
building, canoe making, fishing, and
farming. Gods were invoked for every
purpose from warfare to sports
tournaments. 9/
Besides the great gods of Hawaii
(by the time of the missionaries
there were four: Kane, Ku, Lono, and
Kanaloa), there was an infinite
number of subordinate gods descended
from the family line of one or
another of the major deities. These
gods were worshiped by particular
families or by those who pursued
special occupations. All forms of
nature were thought of as bodily
manifestations of spirit forces. Some
Hawaiians worshiped their gods in the
form of images, while others worshiped
without any concrete form. 10/
There was a kapu, or taboo, system
that was closely intertwined with this
religion, as well as with the
governmental and social organization
of Hawaii. The word kapu means a
prohibition or restriction. The kapu
system was used to regulate every
aspect of ancient Hawaiian life of
{{p|147}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Ancient History To The Reciprocity Treaty
+=Ancient History To The Reciprocity Treaty=
 A. ANCIENT HAWAII
 The origin of the native settlers
 of the Hawaiian Islands has not been
-definitively determined. \J While
+definitively determined. <u>1</u>/ While
 "comparative ethnology, linguistics,
 and archaeology leave little doubt
 that Hawaiians were East Polynesian in
-origin," 2/ scholars do not agree on
+origin," <u>2</u>/ scholars do not agree on
 the origin, timing of the initial
 settlement, and the number of periods
 of migration.
 Excavations on the island of Hawaii
 indicate to some that "the first
@@ Line 18: / Line 21: @@
 East Polynesia and that this
 settlement occurred sometime prior to
-A.D. 400." 3/ The island from whence
+A.D. 400." <u>3</u>/ The island from whence
 these settlers originated, according
 to this scholar, has yet to be
@@ Line 26: / Line 29: @@
 Society Islands, Hawaii, and Easter
 Island probably took place between
-A.D. 650 and 800..." 4/ The
+A.D. 650 and 800..." <u>4</u>/ The
 population and culture of these early
 settlers developed "largely isolated
 from changes in other areas of
-Polynesia." 5/ There is, however, an
+Polynesia." <u>5</u>/ There is, however, an
 oral tradition in Hawaii of a period
 of two-way voyaging between Hawaii and
@@ Line 39: / Line 42: @@
 voyaging would have occurred sometime
 between A.D. 950 and 1350 if it did in
-fact take place." 6_/ This second
+fact take place." <u>6</u>/ This second
 migration is said to have had a significant
 impact on Hawaii, particularly
 in the area of new religious rites and
-symbols. 7/
+symbols. <u>7</u>/
 After this period, again according
 to Hawaiian tradition, there was "no
 contact with other areas of Polynesia
 for some twenty generations prior to
-European contact," 0/ Throughout
+European contact," <u>8</u>/ Throughout
 this period, meanwhile, the Hawaiians
 were developing complex social,
 cultural, and political systems.
 Every aspect of Hawaiian life was
 carried out in accordance with deeply
@@ Line 64: / Line 69: @@
 farming. Gods were invoked for every
 purpose from warfare to sports
-tournaments. 9/
+tournaments. <u>9</u>/
 Besides the great gods of Hawaii
 (by the time of the missionaries
-there were four: Kane, Ku, Lono, and
+there were four: <u>Kane</u>, <u>Ku</u>, <u>Lono</u>, and
-Kanaloa), there was an infinite
+<u>Kanaloa</u>), there was an infinite
 number of subordinate gods descended
 from the family line of one or
@@ Line 79: / Line 85: @@
 Hawaiians worshiped their gods in the
 form of images, while others worshiped
-without any concrete form. 10/
+without any concrete form. <u>10</u>/
 There was a kapu, or taboo, system
 that was closely intertwined with this
 religion, as well as with the
 governmental and social organization
-of Hawaii. The word kapu means a
+of Hawaii. The word <u>kapu</u> means a
-prohibition or restriction. The kapu
+prohibition or restriction. The <u>kapu</u>
 system was used to regulate every
 aspect of ancient Hawaiian life of
 {{p|147}}

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Jennifer Wada at 06:44, 3 April 2006

Jennifer Wada at 10:22, 8 March 2006