Jennifer Wada at 01:02, 4 April 2006

2006-04-04T01:02:39Z

Jennifer Wada at 10:24, 8 March 2006

2006-03-08T10:24:29Z

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overseer. This officer
apportioned the lands to each
Hawaiian, and on these
allotments were raised the taro,
the potatoes, the pigs, and the
chickens which constituted the
living of the family; even the
forests, which furnished the
material from which was made
the tapa cloth, were apportioned
to the women in like manner. It
is true that no one of the
common people could mortgage or
sell his land, but the wisdom of
this limitation is abundantly
proved by the homeless condition
of the Hawaiians at the present
day. Rent, eviction of tenants,
as understood in other lands,
were unknown; but each retainer
of any chief contributed in the
productions of his holdings to
the support of the chief's
table. 27/
The early inhabitants of Hawaii
developed an economic system that was,
by necessity, self-sufficient.
Hawaiians lived off the abundance of
land and the sea, harvesting and
catching only what they needed to
satisfy their immediate needs. The
basic land division of the islands
for landholding purposes was the
ahupua'a. The ideal ahupua'a extended
from the sea to the mountain. Within
each ahupua'a, commoners engaged in
the activities necessary to support
themselves and the chiefs. The
lowlands were used for cultivation of
taro and bananas, the sea for fishing,
and the forests in the mountains
supplied bark foi cloth and bird
feathers for ornaments. 28/
In agriculture, a fairly sophisticated
system of irrigation was developed
to bring the large amounts of
water necessary .to grow taro to the
dry lands. Periodically, droughts
would occur, forcing the people to
survive on roots and ferns.
The sea provided an important
source of livelihood and suster:di;ce.
The Hawaiiar.s were expert fishermen
and skillful navigators. As vritr
agriculture, strict kapu control '.-;d
the amount of fish caught and the
seasons dunnq which they could Hfe
caught, creating an efficient
conservation scheme.
Other occupations necessary to
supply the needs of the culture
included house-builders, canoebuilders,
and bird-catchers (who
collected feathers for the maqnificen
Hawaiian capes, cloaks, and helmets).
29/
B. ISOLATION IS SHATTER?:".
The long isolation of the Hawaiian
islands ended with the arrival of
Captain James Cook of the Brit:rt
Navy. Captain Cook was or. his third
exploratory voyaae to the South
Pacific, travelling fron the Society
Islands to the northwest coast of
America, when he sighted Oahu and
Kauai on January 18, 1778. He
christened the island group the
Sandwich Islands, in honor of his
benefactor, the Earl of Sandwich.
On January 19, the two ships under
Cook's command, the Resolution &T.A. the
Discovery, landed on Kauai and traded
bits of iron 'precious on the islands)
for foodstuffs. Thus began the trade
between Hawaiians and ships stopping
at the islands to rest and replenish
that would continue for generations.
Cook and his crew were enthusiastically
received by the native::. At
first they were somewhat confused at
the great respect and awe with which
the natives, even the king and chiefs,
beheld Captain Cook. When the two
ships left Kauai and landed at Niihau,
the natives were just as impresses
with the ships and iust as interested
in trading, especially for iron.
{{p|150}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-overseer. This officer
+:overseer. This officer apportioned the lands to each Hawaiian, and on these allotments were raised the taro, the potatoes, the pigs, and the chickens which constituted the living of the family; even the forests, which furnished the material from which was made the tapa cloth, were apportioned to the women in like manner. It is true that no one of the common people could mortgage or sell his land, but the wisdom of this limitation is abundantly proved by the homeless condition of the Hawaiians at the present day. Rent, eviction of tenants, as understood in other lands, were unknown; but each retainer of any chief contributed in the productions of his holdings to the support of the chief's table. <u>27</u>/
 apportioned the lands to each
 The early inhabitants of Hawaii
 developed an economic system that was,
@@ Line 32: / Line 10: @@
 basic land division of the islands
 for landholding purposes was the
-ahupua'a. The ideal ahupua'a extended
+<u>ahupua'a</u>. The ideal u>ahupua'a</u> extended
 from the sea to the mountain. Within
-each ahupua'a, commoners engaged in
+each <u>ahupua'a</u>, commoners engaged in
 the activities necessary to support
 themselves and the chiefs. The
@@ Line 40: / Line 18: @@
 taro and bananas, the sea for fishing,
 and the forests in the mountains
-supplied bark foi cloth and bird
+supplied bark for cloth and bird
-feathers for ornaments. 28/
+feathers for ornaments. <u>28</u>/
 In agriculture, a fairly sophisticated
 system of irrigation was developed
 to bring the large amounts of
-water necessary .to grow taro to the
+water necessary to grow taro to the
 dry lands. Periodically, droughts
 would occur, forcing the people to
 survive on roots and ferns.
 The sea provided an important
-source of livelihood and suster:di;ce.
+source of livelihood and sustenance.
-The Hawaiiar.s were expert fishermen
+The Hawaiians were expert fishermen
-and skillful navigators. As vritr
+and skillful navigators. As with
-agriculture, strict kapu control '.-;d
+agriculture, strict <u>kapu</u> controlled
 the amount of fish caught and the
-seasons dunnq which they could Hfe
+seasons during which they could be
 caught, creating an efficient
 conservation scheme.
 Other occupations necessary to
 supply the needs of the culture
 included house-builders, canoebuilders,
 and bird-catchers (who
-collected feathers for the maqnificen
+collected feathers for the magnificent
 Hawaiian capes, cloaks, and helmets).
-/
+<u>29</u>/
-B. ISOLATION IS SHATTER?:".
 The long isolation of the Hawaiian
 islands ended with the arrival of
-Captain James Cook of the Brit:rt
+Captain James Cook of the British
-Navy. Captain Cook was or. his third
+Navy. Captain Cook was on his third
-exploratory voyaae to the South
+exploratory voyage to the South
-Pacific, travelling fron the Society
+Pacific, travelling from the Society
 Islands to the northwest coast of
 America, when he sighted Oahu and
@@ Line 78: / Line 61: @@
 Sandwich Islands, in honor of his
 benefactor, the Earl of Sandwich.
 On January 19, the two ships under
-Cook's command, the Resolution &T.A. the
+Cook's command, the <u>Resolution</u> and the
-Discovery, landed on Kauai and traded
+<u>Discovery</u>, landed on Kauai and traded
-bits of iron 'precious on the islands)
+bits of iron (precious on the islands)
 for foodstuffs. Thus began the trade
 between Hawaiians and ships stopping
 at the islands to rest and replenish
 that would continue for generations.
 Cook and his crew were enthusiastically
-received by the native::. At
+received by the natives. At
 first they were somewhat confused at
 the great respect and awe with which
@@ Line 94: / Line 79: @@
 ships left Kauai and landed at Niihau,
 the natives were just as impresses
-with the ships and iust as interested
+with the ships and gust as interested
 in trading, especially for iron.
 {{p|150}}

Template:Nhsc-v1-150 - Revision history

Jennifer Wada at 01:02, 4 April 2006

Jennifer Wada at 10:24, 8 March 2006