Jennifer Wada at 23:58, 8 April 2006

2006-04-08T23:58:21Z

Jennifer Wada at 10:37, 8 March 2006

2006-03-08T10:37:20Z

New page

of O'ahu describes Kahiki, a term used
for all lands outside of Hawai'i:
Ua 'ike ho'i au la Kahiki
He moku leo paha'oha'o wale
Kahiki
• • *
'A'ohe o Kahiki kanaka
Ho'okahi o Kahiki kanaka - he
Haole 2/
I have seen Kahiki
Kahiki is an island with a
puzzling language
Kahiki has no people
Except for one kind - foreigners
Many Hawaiian _•/ families trace
part of their ancestry to voyagers
from these foreign lands called
Kahiki. Regular sound correspondence
between k_ in Hawaiian with t in other
Polynesian languaqes supports an
i d e n t i f i c a t i o n of at least one Kahiki
with T a h i t i . Linguistic analysis of
Hawaiian supports a theory that the
lanoua-7e has i t s closest r e l a t i v e s in
the Marquesas, Society, and other
island groups of French Polynesia,
some two thousand miles to the south.
There s t i l l remains a certain amount
of mutual i n t e l l i g i b i l i t y between
Hawaiian and other Eastern Polynesian
languages such as Tahitian, Cook
Islands Maori, and New Zealand Maori,
as shown in Table 59. ''All tables
appear at the end of the chapter).
The s i m i l a r i t y among Polynesian
lanquaqes has been overemphasized by
casual observers who have erroneously
claimed that Hawaiian and other
*/ Mr. Kimura uses the term
"Hawaiian" in the same way that
"native Hawaiian" is used in the
majority of this Report; that i s , to
siqnify those persons who have any
amount of the blood of those who
inhabited the Hawaiian Islands prior
to 1778.
Polynesian^ ill speak but "dialects"
of a single lar.quaoe. _i/ Linguists
general.'/ accept d i s t i n c t languaqes
{as opposed to d i a l e c t s ) as hav:r/i
more than 7u percent of their basic
vocabulary as cognate. Hawaiian
shares 56 percent of i t s basic
vocabulary with Marquesan and only 46
percent with Tahitian, the two
languages most closely related to
Hawaiian, according to l i n c u i s t s.
Given the independent status of the
Hawaiian lanauage, it is notable that
Hawaiians and other Polynesians in th<
independent nations of the South
Pacific readily recognize the
r e l a t i o n s h i p among their languaqes and
put much emphasis on this even in
o f f i c i a l government business between
Hawai'i and their countries.
Unlike New Zealand Maori and
Marquesan, whicr, exhibit a number of
rather different d i a l e c t s , differences
within Hawaiian are quite minor and
were probably never much greater than
today. The lack of major dialect
d i f f e r e n t i a t i o n within Hawaiian can be
a t t r i b u t e d in part to the lack of
s t a b l e groupings of people, -such a :
t r i b e s or clans, m the traditional
p o l i t i c a l system. lr. pre-contact
times, there was continuous
interchange anong the various line^^e3
across the whole island chain and
constant redefinition of p o l i t i c al
boundaries across d i s t r i c t s and
i s l a n d s . Tradition mentions an
individual from the island of Hawai'i
named Kalaunuiohua who nearlysucceeded
in conquering the '-ntir'3
island chain at one time. _4/ Usually,
however, Maui controlled the
neighboring islands of Moloka'i,
Laha'i, and Kaho'olawe, with Hawai'i
and O'ahu as separate units, and
Kaua ' i control h n q neiqhborinq
Ni'ihau. The greatest contrasts in
speech within Hawaiian are between
{{p|174}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 of O'ahu describes Kahiki, a term used
 for all lands outside of Hawai'i:
 Ua 'ike ho'i au la Kahiki
-He moku leo paha'oha'o wale
+:Ua 'ike ho'i au la Kahiki
-Kahiki
+:He moku leo paha'oha'o wale Kahiki
-• • *
+:...
-'A'ohe o Kahiki kanaka
+:'A'ohe o Kahiki kanaka
-Ho'okahi o Kahiki kanaka - he
+:Ho'okahi o Kahiki kanaka - he Haole <u>2</u>/
 Haole 2/
 I have seen Kahiki
-Kahiki is an island with a
+:I have seen Kahiki
-puzzling language
+:Kahiki is an island with a puzzling language
-Kahiki has no people
+:...
-Except for one kind - foreigners
+:Kahiki has no people
-Many Hawaiian _•/ families trace
+:Except for one kind - foreigners
 part of their ancestry to voyagers
 from these foreign lands called
 Kahiki. Regular sound correspondence
-between k_ in Hawaiian with t in other
+between <u>k</u> in Hawaiian with <u>t</u> in other
-Polynesian languaqes supports an
+Polynesian languages supports an
-i d e n t i f i c a t i o n of at least one Kahiki
+identification of at least one Kahiki
-with T a h i t i . Linguistic analysis of
+with Tahiti. Linguistic analysis of
 Hawaiian supports a theory that the
-lanoua-7e has i t s closest r e l a t i v e s in
+language has its closest relatives in
 the Marquesas, Society, and other
 island groups of French Polynesia,
 some two thousand miles to the south.
-There s t i l l remains a certain amount
+There still remains a certain amount
-of mutual i n t e l l i g i b i l i t y between
+of mutual intelligibility between
 Hawaiian and other Eastern Polynesian
 languages such as Tahitian, Cook
 Islands Maori, and New Zealand Maori,
-as shown in Table 59. ''All tables
+as shown in Table 59. (All tables
 appear at the end of the chapter).
-The s i m i l a r i t y among Polynesian
-lanquaqes has been overemphasized by
+The similarity among Polynesian
 casual observers who have erroneously
 claimed that Hawaiian and other
-*/ Mr. Kimura uses the term
-"Hawaiian" in the same way that
+Polynesians all speak but "dialects"
-"native Hawaiian" is used in the
+of a single language. <u>3</u>/ Linguists
-majority of this Report; that i s , to
+generally accept distinct languages
-siqnify those persons who have any
+{as opposed to dialects) as having
-amount of the blood of those who
+more than 70 percent of their basic
 vocabulary as cognate. Hawaiian
-shares 56 percent of i t s basic
+shares 56 percent of its basic
 vocabulary with Marquesan and only 46
 percent with Tahitian, the two
 languages most closely related to
-Hawaiian, according to l i n c u i s t s.
+Hawaiian, according to linguists.
 Given the independent status of the
-Hawaiian lanauage, it is notable that
+Hawaiian language, it is notable that
-Hawaiians and other Polynesians in th<
+Hawaiians and other Polynesians in the
 independent nations of the South
 Pacific readily recognize the
-r e l a t i o n s h i p among their languaqes and
+relationship among their languages and
 put much emphasis on this even in
-o f f i c i a l government business between
+official government business between
 Hawai'i and their countries.
 Unlike New Zealand Maori and
-Marquesan, whicr, exhibit a number of
+Marquesan, which exhibit a number of
-rather different d i a l e c t s , differences
+rather different dialects, differences
 within Hawaiian are quite minor and
 were probably never much greater than
 today. The lack of major dialect
-d i f f e r e n t i a t i o n within Hawaiian can be
+differentiation within Hawaiian can be
-a t t r i b u t e d in part to the lack of
+attributed in part to the lack of
-s t a b l e groupings of people, -such a :
+stable groupings of people, such as
-t r i b e s or clans, m the traditional
+tribes or clans, in the traditional
-p o l i t i c a l system. lr. pre-contact
+political system. In pre-contact
 times, there was continuous
-interchange anong the various line^^e3
+interchange among the various lineages
 across the whole island chain and
-constant redefinition of p o l i t i c al
+constant redefinition of political
-boundaries across d i s t r i c t s and
+boundaries across districts and
-i s l a n d s . Tradition mentions an
+islands. Tradition mentions an
 individual from the island of Hawai'i
-named Kalaunuiohua who nearlysucceeded
+named Kalaunuiohua who nearly succeeded
-in conquering the '-ntir'3
+in conquering the entire
-island chain at one time. _4/ Usually,
+island chain at one time. <u>4</u>/ Usually,
 however, Maui controlled the
 neighboring islands of Moloka'i,
 Laha'i, and Kaho'olawe, with Hawai'i
 and O'ahu as separate units, and
-Kaua ' i control h n q neiqhborinq
+Kaua'i controlling neighboring
 Ni'ihau. The greatest contrasts in
 speech within Hawaiian are between
 {{p|174}}

Template:Nhsc-v1-174 - Revision history

Jennifer Wada at 23:58, 8 April 2006

Jennifer Wada at 10:37, 8 March 2006