Jennifer Wada at 08:08, 24 April 2006

2006-04-24T08:08:41Z

Jennifer Wada at 12:07, 9 March 2006

2006-03-09T12:07:55Z

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requirements to vote and hold office
that effectively brought control of
the government within the sphere of
the planters and merchants and: "In
return for this drastic housecleaning,
[Kalakaua] was allowed to keep his job
as king." 94/
In defending the actions of the
reformers in forcing the king's hand,
Attorney General C. W. Ashford stated:
If the New Constitution had been
submitted to the Legislature it
would simply mean that at the end
of two years the king would say
"This does not suit me," and kill
it by absolute veto. There was
only one way to proceed, and that
was to arbitrarily force the King
into giving us a better form of
. government. 95/
Reciprocity Treaty Renewal—1887
While the reformers had been in the
process of revolt, the commander of
the armed wing of the revolutionaries
(the Honolulu Rifles), Volney Ashford,
"had been selected by the Gibson
administration to go to Canada to
negotiate a reciprocal trade agreement
with that country." 96/ This occurred
only days before the reformers took
over and raised questions as to
whether Ashford had pocketed some of
his commission pay for protection
money for the king. Because of the
timing, it is not clear whether the
government had seriously intended to
make such a treaty with Canada.
With regard to the Reciprocity
Treaty between Hawaii and the United
States on the other hand:
Between 1883 and 1887, the
reciprocity treaty had neither
been terminated nor renewed by the
United States. The Senate had, at
first, been in [the] mood
to scrap it, but the State
Department, worried over
Britain's and Germany's high
interest in the Pacific, had
insisted on keeping the vacuou*
treaty alive. Suddenly now,
after Kalakaua had been ignobly
driven to the corner, the United
States asked for the renewal of
the agreement. This time it
formally demanded cession of
Pearl Harbor to the United
States. This time—insistently
prodded by the reform
cabinet—the chastened and
worried king signed a new and
changed state document. 97/
Prior to approval of this
agreement, Secretary of State Blaine
had instructed U.S. Minister Comly (in
1881) that the American Government
would not permit the transfer of
Hawaiian territory or sovereignty to
any European power. 98/ This was
followed in 1884 by a resolution from
the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign
Relations that not only advised the
President to extend the reciprocity
treaty, but also suggested that Hawaii
should be requested to permit the
establishment of a "naval station for
the United States in the vicinity of
Honolulu." 99/ Despite this attitude
on the part of the Senate, "the
supplementary convention with Hawaii
was not agreed to by the Senate during
the continuance of President Arthur's
term of office." 100/
Again on April 14, 1886, the Senate
Committee on Foreign Relations made a
favorable report on the supplementary
treaty of December 6, 1884. 101/ The
Committee also recommended an
amendment that would give the United
States the right to establish a naval
base at Pearl Harbor. Of this recommendation
one author says:
278

@@ Line 5: / Line 5: @@
 return for this drastic housecleaning,
 [Kalakaua] was allowed to keep his job
-as king." 94/
+as king." <u>94</u>/
 In defending the actions of the
-reformers in forcing the king's hand,
+In defending the actions of the reformers in forcing the king's hand, Attorney General C. W. Ashford stated:
 Attorney General C. W. Ashford stated:
-If the New Constitution had been
+:If the New Constitution had been submitted to the Legislature it would simply mean that at the end of two years the king would say "This does not suit me," and kill it by absolute veto. There was only one way to proceed, and that was to arbitrarily force the King into giving us a better form of government. <u>95</u>/
 submitted to the Legislature it
-would simply mean that at the end
+===<u>Reciprocity Treaty Renewal—1887</u>===
 of two years the king would say
 While the reformers had been in the
 process of revolt, the commander of
@@ Line 27: / Line 20: @@
 administration to go to Canada to
 negotiate a reciprocal trade agreement
-with that country." 96/ This occurred
+with that country." <u>96</u>/ This occurred
 only days before the reformers took
 over and raised questions as to
@@ Line 36: / Line 29: @@
 government had seriously intended to
 make such a treaty with Canada.
 With regard to the Reciprocity
 Treaty between Hawaii and the United
 States on the other hand:
 Between 1883 and 1887, the
-reciprocity treaty had neither
+:Between 1883 and 1887, the reciprocity treaty had neither been terminated nor renewed by the United States. The Senate had, at first, been in [the] mood to scrap it, but the State Department, worried over Britain's and Germany's high interest in the Pacific, had insisted on keeping the vacuous treaty alive. Suddenly now, after Kalakaua had been ignobly driven to the corner, the United States asked for the renewal of the agreement. This time it formally demanded cession of Pearl Harbor to the United States. This time—insistently prodded by the reform cabinet—the chastened and worried king signed a new and changed state document. <u>97</u>/
 been terminated nor renewed by the
 Prior to approval of this
 agreement, Secretary of State Blaine
@@ Line 67: / Line 42: @@
 would not permit the transfer of
 Hawaiian territory or sovereignty to
-any European power. 98/ This was
+any European power. <u>98</u>/ This was
 followed in 1884 by a resolution from
 the U.S. Senate Committee on Foreign
@@ Line 76: / Line 51: @@
 establishment of a "naval station for
 the United States in the vicinity of
-Honolulu." 99/ Despite this attitude
+Honolulu." <u>99</u>/ Despite this attitude
 on the part of the Senate, "the
 supplementary convention with Hawaii
 was not agreed to by the Senate during
 the continuance of President Arthur's
-term of office." 100/
+term of office." <u>100</u>/
 Again on April 14, 1886, the Senate
 Committee on Foreign Relations made a
 favorable report on the supplementary
-treaty of December 6, 1884. 101/ The
+treaty of December 6, 1884. <u>101</u>/ The
 Committee also recommended an
 amendment that would give the United
@@ Line 91: / Line 67: @@
 base at Pearl Harbor. Of this recommendation
 one author says:
+{{p|278}}

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Jennifer Wada at 08:08, 24 April 2006

Jennifer Wada at 12:07, 9 March 2006