Jennifer Wada at 00:29, 28 April 2006

2006-04-28T00:29:07Z

Jennifer Wada at 03:33, 10 March 2006

2006-03-10T03:33:27Z

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territory was added to Arizona by the
Gadsden treaty with Mexico of December
3, 1853-June 30, 1854; and Alaska was
annexed by treaty of purchase from
Russia on March 30, 1867.
In addition, in 1867 the United
States proposed to annex Denmark's
islands of St. Thomas, St. John, and
St. Croix by treaty. Those treaties
contained a clause for the assent of
the islands' people. The people
assented, but the treaty failed. 231/
St. Thomas, St. John, and St. Croix
were later annexed by treaty in 1917.
A proposed treaty for Santo Domingo
failed in 1870 when the clause for the
assent of the people resulted in a
rejection. The Congressional
consideration of the Santo Domingo
matter is helpful. After the failure
of the treaty to pass the Senate in
1870, numerous attempts were made to
pass a joint resolution to annex Santo
Domingo, but the Senate resolution
that finally passed called only for an
investigation of the annexation
subject. 232/ The House then
proceeded to kill any hopes of
annexation using the resolution
approach by passing an amendment that
stated nothing in the resolution shall
be "understood or construed as
committing Conqress to the policy of
annexing..." 233/ When the investigation
report was submitted, promoting
annexation, it was debated for several
days and finally died because "it was
impossible to obtain the approval of
two-thirds of the senators for a
treaty, equally impossible to get a
majority vote in the House for a joint
resolution." 234/
In addition to these annexations of
territory by either treaty of purchase
rr conquest, the United States also
acquired a large number of islands
ander the Act of August 15, 1856. 235/
This act provided that private
American citizens could take possession
of (uninhabited) islands for the
Vi\i ted States under the principle of
discovery. The principal object of
such annexations was to secure the
guano located on those islands.
Approximately 70 islands became United
States territory during the period of
October 28, 1856, through June 21,
1894. 236/ In addition, the island of
Midway was annexed by the Executive
Office in 1868 under the principle of
discovery, "to create a naval station
there." 237/
Another means of acquiring
territory was the Proclamation used by
President Madison in 1810 to acquire
"possession" of territory purchased by
the United States in the Louisiana
Purchase. 238/ The territory had been
allowed to remain under Spanish
authority since the treaty with France
in 1803.
The annexation most analogous to
that of Hawaii, however, was the
annexation of Texas. Both were
"independent foreign states" that
became territories of the United
States under joint resolutions.
Texas assumed independence from
Mexico and negotiated a treaty with
the United States for annexation on
April 12, 1844. This treaty was
rejected by the United States Senate.
In indignation, a powerful movement
started in Texas favoring a treaty of
alliance with Great Britain or
possible reconciliation with Mexico.
239/ This movement aroused the people
of the United States and, in
consequence, a joint resolution passed
both houses of Congress providing for
the admittance of the territory of
Texas into the Union as a state. The
resolution left to the discretion of
the President whether to accept Texas
by treaty "or by articles of agreement
with the Government of Texas under
legislative authority, or by the act
of a convention chosen by the people
of Texas, under like authority." 240/
Texas preferred the convention method,
and the matter was submitted to the
people of Texas who voted in favor of
annexation.
305

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 annexed by treaty of purchase from
 Russia on March 30, 1867.
 In addition, in 1867 the United
 States proposed to annex Denmark's
@@ Line 10: / Line 11: @@
 contained a clause for the assent of
 the islands' people. The people
-assented, but the treaty failed. 231/
+assented, but the treaty failed. <u>231</u>/
 St. Thomas, St. John, and St. Croix
 were later annexed by treaty in 1917.
@@ Line 25: / Line 26: @@
 that finally passed called only for an
 investigation of the annexation
-subject. 232/ The House then
+subject. <u>232</u>/ The House then
 proceeded to kill any hopes of
 annexation using the resolution
@@ Line 31: / Line 32: @@
 stated nothing in the resolution shall
 be "understood or construed as
-committing Conqress to the policy of
+committing Congress to the policy of
-annexing..." 233/ When the investigation
+annexing..." <u>233</u>/ When the investigation
 report was submitted, promoting
 annexation, it was debated for several
@@ Line 40: / Line 41: @@
 treaty, equally impossible to get a
 majority vote in the House for a joint
-resolution." 234/
+resolution." <u>234</u>/
 In addition to these annexations of
 territory by either treaty of purchase
-rr conquest, the United States also
+or conquest, the United States also
 acquired a large number of islands
-ander the Act of August 15, 1856. 235/
+under the Act of August 15, 1856. <u>235</u>/
 This act provided that private
 American citizens could take possession
 of (uninhabited) islands for the
-Vi\i ted States under the principle of
+United States under the principle of
 discovery. The principal object of
 such annexations was to secure the
@@ Line 56: / Line 58: @@
 States territory during the period of
 October 28, 1856, through June 21,
-. 236/ In addition, the island of
+. <u>236</u>/ In addition, the island of
 Midway was annexed by the Executive
 Office in 1868 under the principle of
 discovery, "to create a naval station
-there." 237/
+there." <u>237</u>/
 Another means of acquiring
 territory was the Proclamation used by
@@ Line 66: / Line 69: @@
 "possession" of territory purchased by
 the United States in the Louisiana
-Purchase. 238/ The territory had been
+Purchase. <u>238</u>/ The territory had been
 allowed to remain under Spanish
 authority since the treaty with France
 in 1803.
 The annexation most analogous to
 that of Hawaii, however, was the
@@ Line 85: / Line 89: @@
 alliance with Great Britain or
 possible reconciliation with Mexico.
-/ This movement aroused the people
+<u>239</u>/ This movement aroused the people
 of the United States and, in
 consequence, a joint resolution passed
@@ Line 97: / Line 101: @@
 legislative authority, or by the act
 of a convention chosen by the people
-of Texas, under like authority." 240/
+of Texas, under like authority." <u>240</u>/
 Texas preferred the convention method,
 and the matter was submitted to the
 people of Texas who voted in favor of
 annexation.
+{{p|305}}

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Jennifer Wada at 00:29, 28 April 2006

Jennifer Wada at 03:33, 10 March 2006