Jennifer Wada at 00:45, 28 April 2006

2006-04-28T00:45:42Z

Jennifer Wada at 09:39, 10 March 2006

2006-03-10T09:39:24Z

New page

World War II temporarily delayed any
further attempts for statehood.
The numerous proceedings on
Hawaiian statehood proved time and
time again that Hawaii had met all the
criteria for admission. Desire for
statehood was evidenced by the
approval of the state constitution in
the general election of November 1950,
by a 3-to-2 margin. 276/
After the war, procrastination on
Hawaiian statehood bills came mostly
from the United States Congress.
Alaska and Hawaii were in the midst of
the same political struggle and their
futures as territories or states were
at the sole discretion of the
Congress. Once the fight for Alaskan
statehood had been won, it was evident
that the last incorporated territory,
Hawaii, would soon achieve the same
status. Hawaii was finally admitted
to the Union as a State by the Act of
March 18, 1959 (73 Stat. 4).
Hawaiian Boundaries
The joint resolution of annexation
did not define the boundaries of
Hawaii, but merely accepted the
cession made by the government of the
Republic of Hawaii of "the Hawaiian
Islands and their dependencies." The
islands were listed as Hawaii, Maui,
Oahu, Kauai, Molokai, Lanai, Niihau,
Kahoolawe, Molokini, Lehua, Kaula,
Nihoa, Necker, Laysan, Gardiner,
Lisiansky, Ocean, French Frigates
Shoal, Palmyra, Brooks Shoal, Pearl
and Hermes Reef, Gambia Shoal, and
Dowsett and Maro Reef (Sen. Doc. No.
16, 55th Cong., 3rd Sess.).
The Admission Act of March 18, 1959
(73 Stat. 4) and the State Constitution
define the boundaries as "all
the islands, together with their
appurtenant reefs and territorial
waters, included within the territory
of Hawaii...except the atoll known as
Palmyra Island, together with its
appurtenant reefs and territorial
waters, but said state shall not be
deemed to include the Midway Islands,
Johnston Island, Sand Island (offshore
from Johnston Island), or
Kingman Reef, together with their
appurtenant reefs and territorial
waters."
Some question is presented regarding
the status of Midway Island. The
United States claims that it acquired
Midway on August 28, 1867. The Hawaiian
government, before annexation,
claimed it had acquired Midway on July
5, 1859, prior to the acquisition by
the United States. Thus, there is an
academic question of whether the
United States acquired Midway when it
annexed Hawaii or whether it acquired
Midway independently.
Palmyra Island was part of the
territory that the United States
acquired when it annexed Hawaii (see
United States v. Fullard-Leo, 331
U.S. 256 (1947)), but is not now part
of the State of Hawaii. Midway Island,
Johnston Island, and Sand Island were
included within the jurisdiction of
the United States District Court for
Hawaii by the Act of August 13, 1940
(54 Stat. 784) and it may be that the
specific exclusion of these islands
from the Admission Act and the
Constitution was merely to overcome
any presumption that might have arisen
from the 1940 Act that these islands
were in the Territory of Hawaii. In
any event, it is clear that Palmyra
Island was once part of the Kingdom of
Hawaii and the Territory of Hawaii but
is not now part of the State of
Hawaii. Midway Island is not part of
the State of Hawaii either; there is a
question of whether it was part of the
Hawaiian Kingdom. Midway, however, is
part of the Hawaiian Island chain.
310

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 World War II temporarily delayed any
 further attempts for statehood.
 The numerous proceedings on
 Hawaiian statehood proved time and
@@ Line 8: / Line 9: @@
 approval of the state constitution in
 the general election of November 1950,
-by a 3-to-2 margin. 276/
+by a 3-to-2 margin. <u>276</u>/
 After the war, procrastination on
 Hawaiian statehood bills came mostly
@@ Line 23: / Line 25: @@
 to the Union as a State by the Act of
 March 18, 1959 (73 Stat. 4).
 Hawaiian Boundaries
 The joint resolution of annexation
 did not define the boundaries of
@@ Line 39: / Line 43: @@
 Dowsett and Maro Reef (Sen. Doc. No.
 , 55th Cong., 3rd Sess.).
 The Admission Act of March 18, 1959
 (73 Stat. 4) and the State Constitution
@@ Line 55: / Line 60: @@
 appurtenant reefs and territorial
 waters."
 Some question is presented regarding
 the status of Midway Island. The
@@ Line 67: / Line 73: @@
 annexed Hawaii or whether it acquired
 Midway independently.
 Palmyra Island was part of the
 territory that the United States
 acquired when it annexed Hawaii (see
-United States v. Fullard-Leo, 331
+<u>United States</u> v. <u>Fullard-Leo</u>, 331
 U.S. 256 (1947)), but is not now part
 of the State of Hawaii. Midway Island,
@@ Line 93: / Line 100: @@
 Hawaiian Kingdom. Midway, however, is
 part of the Hawaiian Island chain.
+{{p|310}}

Template:Nhsc-v1-310 - Revision history

Jennifer Wada at 00:45, 28 April 2006

Jennifer Wada at 09:39, 10 March 2006