Template:Nhsc-v1-45 - Revision history

Don Newman at 01:17, 18 March 2006

2006-03-18T01:17:24Z

Reid Ginoza at 15:14, 17 March 2006

2006-03-17T15:14:22Z

Reid Ginoza at 15:13, 17 March 2006

2006-03-17T15:13:26Z

Jennifer Wada at 09:36, 8 March 2006

2006-03-08T09:36:24Z

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was distributed among the islands in
proportion to the land mass and
available food resources. The
increase in trade after the arrival of
foreigners upset this balance and
caused a movement toward port areas.
This trend has continued with the
general movement of the population
toward Oahu in the middle of the
twentieth century. Recent years have
witnessed an even greater
concentration of Hawaii's population
in and around Honolulu, the principal
commercial and tourist center.
Although there are many pockets of
native Hawaiians located in
economically deprived rural areas on
many islands, the native Hawaiians
have not been immune to the drift of
the overall population toward Oahu and
Honolulu, and the majority of them now
live there.
0. EDUCATION
Education in pre-contact Hawaii was
a formalized learning process
according to social rank and function.
Because there was no written language,
all knowledge was carried and
transmitted from generation to generation
by practice, ritual, and memorization.
Training in professions, such
as canoe-building and fishing, was
accomplished in this same manner.
Similar practices were used to train
the a11'1 in the religiois and chiefly
arts to ensure their competency to
rule. This system served the
Hawaiians well as they developed "the
finest navigators, agriculturalists,
and fishermen in the Pacific" and
their culture flourished for over
1,500 years. 24/
Missionaries
A written form of the Hawaiian
language and Western modes of learning
were first introduced in Hawaii by
American missionaries after their
arrival in 1820. Reflecting the
Protestant emphasis on knowing and
understanding the Bible, proselytizing
efforts were combined with teaching
the rudiments of reading and writing.
The missionaries began by teaching
the ali'i, whose attitude seems to
have been: "Teach us first and we
will see if it is good. If it is, you
may teach the people." 25/ The
natives enthusiastically embraced the
instruction offered by the
missionaries after the chiefs agreed
that schools should be set up for the
maka'ainana, or common people. By
1831, the schools for commoners
numbered 1,000 with a total enrollment
of 52,000, or approximately two-fifths
of the population. The preponderance
of these students were adults. 26/
However, concerted attention was
beginning to be given to instructing
children by the end of 1820's and by
the end of the 1830's, the majority of
pupils in the schools were children,
in numbers as high as 12,000 or
15,000. _27/
Kingdom Education System
In 1840, the kingdom of Hawaii took
over the support of the schools, using
the missionary schools as the nucleus
of the new public school system. In
that same year, literacy became a
requirement for obtaining a marriage
license.
By 1896, 84 percent of the
Hawaiians and part-Hawaiians over the
age of ten were considered literate—
able to read and write in either
Hawaiian or English. This percentage
continued to improve through 1930 (see
Table 12). 28/
Territory
Lind notes that the response to
opportunities for formal education
reflects interests and aspirations of
the individual groups, especially
insofar as the values of the
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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 was distributed among the islands in proportion to the land mass and available food resources. The increase in trade after the arrival of foreigners upset this balance and caused a movement toward port areas. This trend has continued with the general movement of the population toward Oahu in the middle of the twentieth century. Recent years have witnessed an even greater concentration of Hawaii's population in and around Honolulu, the principal commercial and tourist center. Although there are many pockets of native Hawaiians located in economically deprived rural areas on many islands, the native Hawaiians have not been immune to the drift of the overall population toward Oahu and Honolulu, and the majority of them now live there.
-D. EDUCATION
+====D. EDUCATION====
 Education in pre-contact Hawaii was a formalized learning process according to social rank and function. Because there was no written language, all knowledge was carried and transmitted from generation to generation by practice, ritual, and memorization. Training in professions, such as canoe-building and fishing, was accomplished in this same manner. Similar practices were used to train the <u>ali'i</u> in the religious and chiefly arts to ensure their competency to rule. This system served the Hawaiians well as they developed "the finest navigators, agriculturalists, and fishermen in the Pacific" and their culture flourished for over 1,500 years. <u>24</u>/

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 D. EDUCATION
-Education in pre-contact Hawaii was a formalized learning process according to social rank and function. Because there was no written language, all knowledge was carried and transmitted from generation to generation by practice, ritual, and memorization. Training in professions, such as canoe-building and fishing, was accomplished in this same manner. Similar practices were used to train the <u>ali'i</u> in the religious and chiefly arts to ensure their competency to rule. This system served the Hawaiians well as they developed "the finest navigators, agriculturalists, and fishermen in the Pacific" and their culture flourished for over 1,500 years. <u>24<u>/
+Education in pre-contact Hawaii was a formalized learning process according to social rank and function. Because there was no written language, all knowledge was carried and transmitted from generation to generation by practice, ritual, and memorization. Training in professions, such as canoe-building and fishing, was accomplished in this same manner. Similar practices were used to train the <u>ali'i</u> in the religious and chiefly arts to ensure their competency to rule. This system served the Hawaiians well as they developed "the finest navigators, agriculturalists, and fishermen in the Pacific" and their culture flourished for over 1,500 years. <u>24</u>/
-Missionaries
+===Missionaries===
-A written form of the Hawaiian language and Western modes of learning were first introduced in Hawaii by American missionaries after their arrival in 1820. Reflecting the Protestant emphasis on knowing and understanding the Bible, proselytizing efforts were combined with teaching the rudiments of reading and writing. The missionaries began by teaching the <u>ali'i</u>, whose attitude seems to have been: "Teach us first and we will see if it is good. If it is, you may teach the people." <u>25</u>/ The natives enthusiastically embraced the instruction offered by the missionaries after the chiefs agreed that schools should be set up for the maka'ainana, or common people. By 1831, the schools for commoners numbered 1,000 with a total enrollment of 52,000, or approximately two-fifths of the population. The preponderance of these students were adults. <u>26</u>/ However, concerted attention was beginning to be given to instructing children by the end of 1820's and by the end of the 1830's, the majority of pupils in the schools were children, in numbers as high as 12,000 or 15,000. <u>27</u>/
+A written form of the Hawaiian language and Western modes of learning were first introduced in Hawaii by American missionaries after their arrival in 1820. Reflecting the Protestant emphasis on knowing and understanding the Bible, proselytizing efforts were combined with teaching the rudiments of reading and writing. The missionaries began by teaching the <u>ali'i</u>, whose attitude seems to have been: "Teach us first and we will see if it is good. If it is, you may teach the people." <u>25</u>/ The natives enthusiastically embraced the instruction offered by the missionaries after the chiefs agreed that schools should be set up for the <u>maka'ainana</u>, or common people. By 1831, the schools for commoners numbered 1,000 with a total enrollment of 52,000, or approximately two-fifths of the population. The preponderance of these students were adults. <u>26</u>/ However, concerted attention was beginning to be given to instructing children by the end of 1820's and by the end of the 1830's, the majority of pupils in the schools were children, in numbers as high as 12,000 or 15,000. <u>27</u>/
 ===Kingdom Education System===
 In 1840, the kingdom of Hawaii took over the support of the schools, using the missionary schools as the nucleus of the new public school system. In that same year, literacy became a requirement for obtaining a marriage license. By 1896, 84 percent of the Hawaiians and part-Hawaiians over the age of ten were considered literate— able to read and write in either Hawaiian or English. This percentage continued to improve through 1930 (see Table 12). <u>28</u>/
-Territory
+===Territory===
 Lind notes that the response to opportunities for formal education reflects interests and aspirations of the individual groups, especially insofar as the values of the
 {{p|45}}