Template:Nhsc-v1-65 - Revision history

Reid Ginoza at 03:25, 24 March 2006

2006-03-24T03:25:11Z

Reid Ginoza at 01:35, 23 March 2006

2006-03-23T01:35:51Z

Jennifer Wada at 09:47, 8 March 2006

2006-03-08T09:47:58Z

New page

native Hawaiians were a numerical
minority within the total population,
as noted above the exclusion of Asian
immigrants who had retained a non-
Anerican nationality left native
Hawaiians as the dominant ethnic block
until just prior to World War II.
According to one author: "In every
election, Hawaiians and part-Hawaiians
comprised more than half of the candidates
for office. The Hawaiian voter
turnout was always substantially
higher than that for other groups..."
117/ Table 42 shows the ethnic makeup
of registered voters in Hawaii from
1902 to 1940.
The possibility of race-oriented
voting patterns has always been
present in Hawaii for one group or
another. In numerical terms, once
native Hawaiians lost the absolute
majority of the electorate in 1925, no
other ethnic group has ever had the
voter strength to win a territorial or
statewide election by itself. Writers
disagree, however, on the degree to
which racial prejudice affects voting
trends in Hawaii. Andrew Lind,
writing in 1967, states that:
...even in a local election
district, where a majority of the
voters might be of the candidate's
own ethnic group, publicly to
solicit support on a racial basis
would under Hawaiian conditions be
tantamount to committing political
suicide. The candidate would draw
to himself the wrath of all the
other ethnic groups as well as the
hostility of the members of his
own group in the opposition party.
lid/
Others, including some Hawaiians
who connented on the Commission's
Uraft Report, 119/ strongly disagree
with this benign assessment. Lawrence
F'ichs writes that: "In Hawaii, where
the tradition of racial aloha and
actual widespread intermarriage often
prevented overt expressions of racial
prejudice, ethnic tensions frequently
found their way into the voting
booth." 120/ To support this, Fuchs
reports that interviews with more than
three-quarters of the defeated candidates
in the 1958 primaries revealed
that:
• The overwhelming majority of
these men and women attributed
their loss to the racial
prejudice or pride of other
groups constituting a majority
of voters in their districts.
• Defeated Chinese, haole, and
Hawaiian Democrats often blamed
Japanese voters for plunking
for their own kind.
• Republican Japanese primary
losers complained they could
not win haole votes and native
Hawaiian Republicans also
complained of haole domination
of the party. 121/
Fuchs also studied key ethnic
precincts and the results of voter
surveys. He reports that these
results revealed that:
• All major ethnic groups tended
to favor their own kind, but
that Japanese plunking was far
less decisive than frequently
claimed, and that other
groups—the Chinese, haole,
Portuguese, and Hawaiians—
plunked at least as extensively
as the Japanese.
• Ethnic tensions could readily
be inferred from election
results in key precinctscandidates
did well in those
precincts dominated by their
own ethnic group.
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@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 minority within the total population,
 as noted above the exclusion of Asian
-immigrants who had retained a non-
+immigrants who had retained a non-American nationality left native
 Hawaiians as the dominant ethnic block
 until just prior to World War II.

@@ Line 12: / Line 12: @@
 turnout was always substantially
 higher than that for other groups..."
-/ Table 42 shows the ethnic makeup
+<u>117</u>/. Table 42 shows the ethnic makeup
 of registered voters in Hawaii from
 to 1940.
 The possibility of race-oriented
 voting patterns has always been
@@ Line 28: / Line 29: @@
 trends in Hawaii. Andrew Lind,
 writing in 1967, states that:
 ...even in a local election
-district, where a majority of the
+:...even in a local election district, where a majority of the voters might be of the candidate's own ethnic group, publicly to solicit support on a racial basis would under Hawaiian conditions be tantamount to committing political suicide. The candidate would draw to himself the wrath of all the other ethnic groups as well as the hostility of the members of his own group in the opposition party. <u>118</u>/
 voters might be of the candidate's
 Others, including some Hawaiians
 who connented on the Commission's
-Uraft Report, 119/ strongly disagree
+Draft Report, <u>119</u>/ strongly disagree
 with this benign assessment. Lawrence
-F'ichs writes that: "In Hawaii, where
+Fuchs writes that: "In Hawaii, where
-the tradition of racial aloha and
+the tradition of racial <u>aloha</u> and
 actual widespread intermarriage often
 prevented overt expressions of racial
 prejudice, ethnic tensions frequently
 found their way into the voting
-booth." 120/ To support this, Fuchs
+booth." <u>120</u>/ To support this, Fuchs
 reports that interviews with more than
 three-quarters of the defeated candidates
 in the 1958 primaries revealed
 that:
-• The overwhelming majority of
-these men and women attributed
+* The overwhelming majority of these men and women attributed their loss to the racial prejudice or pride of other groups constituting a majority of voters in their districts.
-their loss to the racial
+* Defeated Chinese, <u>haole</u>, and Hawaiian Democrats often blamed Japanese voters for plunking for their own kind.
-prejudice or pride of other
+* Republican Japanese primary losers complained they could not win <u>haole</u> votes and native Hawaiian Republicans also complained of <u>haole</u> domination of the party. <u>121</u>/
 groups constituting a majority
 Fuchs also studied key ethnic
 precincts and the results of voter
 surveys. He reports that these
 results revealed that:
-• All major ethnic groups tended
-to favor their own kind, but
+* All major ethnic groups tended to favor their own kind, but that Japanese plunking was far less decisive than frequently claimed, and that other groups—the Chinese, <u>haole</u>, Portuguese, and Hawaiians—plunked at least as extensively as the Japanese.
-that Japanese plunking was far
+* Ethnic tensions could readily be inferred from election results in key precincts-candidates did well in those precincts dominated by their own ethnic group.
 {{p|65}}