Reid Ginoza at 03:32, 24 March 2006

2006-03-24T03:32:49Z

Jennifer Wada at 09:48, 8 March 2006

2006-03-08T09:48:23Z

New page

• Strong candidates often did
well among a l l groups, but
always best with their own.
Weak candidates limped
badly everywhere, but
showed least weakness among
t h e i r own kind. 122/
Fuchs does not think that these
manifestations of ethnic p o l i t i c s,
however, are aberrations in the
American p o l i t i c a l system.
Rather, he says that "ethnic
claims in p o l i t i c s , far from being
un-American, followed the typical
American p a t t e r n . " 123/ Unlike
Lind, however, he concludes that
ethnic factors play a "significant
role" (at least in that election)
in Hawaiian p o l i t i c s . 124/
Creation of the Office of Hawaiian
Affairs
A separate i d e n t i f i c a t i o n and
unique p o l i t i c a l p a r t i c i p a t i o n for
native Hawaiians was r a t i f i e d by a
majority of the t o t a l State
e l e c t o r a t e in 1978 when key amendments
to the State Constitution
established the Office of Hawaiian
Affairs (OHA). By the terms of
the new A r t i c l e XII:
. . . S e c t i o n 5. There is hereby
established an Office of
Hawaiian Affairs. The Office
of Hawaiian Affairs shall hold
t i t l e to a l l the real and
personal property now or herea
f t e r set aside or conveyed to
it which shall be held in
t r u s t for native Hawaiians and
Hawaiians. There shall be a
board of trustees for the
Office of Hawaiian Affairs
elected by qualified voters
who are Hawaiians, as provided
by law. The board members
s h a l l be Hawaiians. There
s h a l l be not less than nine
members of the board of
t r u s t e e s ; provided that each
of the following islands have
one representative: Oahu,
Kauai, Maui, Molokai, and
Hawaii. The board shall
select a chairperson from i ts
members...
The f i r s t OHA election in 1980
was supported by an 80 percent
turnout among the more than 55,000
native Hawaiians who had
registered to vote in this
separate election (see Table 43).
More than 100 candidates sought
the nine positions on the board of
t r u s t e e s .
Table 44 shows the c h a r a c t e r i s t
i c s of the 1981 Hawaii State
Legislature. There were seven
part-Hawaiians in the State House
of Representatives (14 percent of
the t o t a l ) and three in the State
Senate (12 percent of the t o t a l ).
Summary
The population of the State of
Hawaii has considerable racial and
cultural diversity. From the
earliest times, interracial
marriage was accepted by the
community. As time went on and as
different ethnic groups arrived,
such marriages became widespread.
Native Hawaiians have amonq the
highest interracial marriage
rates.
This racial and ethnic mixture
has effects in the political
sphere. Since the 1930's no one
ethnic group has had an electoral
majority, although ethnic factors
do play a role in politics in
Hawaii.
From the time of annexation
until the 1930's, native Hawaiians
comprised the largest voting
block, with an absolute majority
of all voters for much of that
time. Voter participation amona
native Hawaiians was always high,
{{p|66}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-• Strong candidates often did
+* Strong candidates often did well among all groups, but always best with their own. Weak candidates limped badly everywhere, but showed least weakness among their own kind. <u>122</u>/
-well among a l l groups, but
 Fuchs does not think that these
-manifestations of ethnic p o l i t i c s,
+manifestations of ethnic politics,
 however, are aberrations in the
-American p o l i t i c a l system.
+American political system.
 Rather, he says that "ethnic
-claims in p o l i t i c s , far from being
+claims in politics, far from being
 un-American, followed the typical
-American p a t t e r n . " 123/ Unlike
+American pattern." <u>123</u>/ Unlike
 Lind, however, he concludes that
 ethnic factors play a "significant
 role" (at least in that election)
-in Hawaiian p o l i t i c s . 124/
+in Hawaiian politics. <u>124</u>/
 Creation of the Office of Hawaiian
-Affairs
+====Creation of the Office of Hawaiian Affairs====
-A separate i d e n t i f i c a t i o n and
-unique p o l i t i c a l p a r t i c i p a t i o n for
+A separate identification and
-native Hawaiians was r a t i f i e d by a
+unique political participation for
-majority of the t o t a l State
+native Hawaiians was ratified by a
-e l e c t o r a t e in 1978 when key amendments
+majority of the total State
 to the State Constitution
 established the Office of Hawaiian
 Affairs (OHA). By the terms of
-the new A r t i c l e XII:
+the new Article XII:
-. . . S e c t i o n 5. There is hereby
-established an Office of
+: ... Section 5. There is hereby established an Office of Hawaiian Affairs. The Office of Hawaiian Affairs shall hold title to all the real and personal property now or hereafter set aside or conveyed to it which shall be held in trust for native Hawaiians and Hawaiians. There shall be a board of trustees for the Office of Hawaiian Affairs elected by qualified voters who are Hawaiians, as provided by law. The board members shall be Hawaiians. There shall be not less than nine members of the board of trustees; provided that each of the following islands have one representative: Oahu, Kauai, Maui, Molokai, and Hawaii. The board shall select a chairperson from its members...
 Hawaiian Affairs. The Office
-of Hawaiian Affairs shall hold
+The first OHA election in 1980 was supported by an 80 percent turnout among the more than 55,000 native Hawaiians who had registered to vote in this separate election (see Table 43). More than 100 candidates sought the nine positions on the board of trustees.
-t i t l e to a l l the real and
-personal property now or herea
+Table 44 shows the characteristics of the 1981 Hawaii State Legislature. There were seven
 part-Hawaiians in the State House
 of Representatives (14 percent of
-the t o t a l ) and three in the State
+the total) and three in the State
-Senate (12 percent of the t o t a l ).
+Senate (12 percent of the total).
 Summary
 The population of the State of
 Hawaii has considerable racial and
@@ Line 82: / Line 49: @@
 highest interracial marriage
 rates.
 This racial and ethnic mixture
 has effects in the political
@@ Line 89: / Line 57: @@
 do play a role in politics in
 Hawaii.
 From the time of annexation
 until the 1930's, native Hawaiians
@@ Line 94: / Line 63: @@
 block, with an absolute majority
 of all voters for much of that
-time. Voter participation amona
+time. Voter participation among
 native Hawaiians was always high,
 {{p|66}}

Template:Nhsc-v1-66 - Revision history

Reid Ginoza at 03:32, 24 March 2006

Jennifer Wada at 09:48, 8 March 2006