Difference between revisions of "Template:Nhsc-v1-150"
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| − | overseer. This officer | + | :overseer. This officer apportioned the lands to each Hawaiian, and on these allotments were raised the taro, the potatoes, the pigs, and the chickens which constituted the living of the family; even the forests, which furnished the material from which was made the tapa cloth, were apportioned to the women in like manner. It is true that no one of the common people could mortgage or sell his land, but the wisdom of this limitation is abundantly proved by the homeless condition of the Hawaiians at the present day. Rent, eviction of tenants, as understood in other lands, were unknown; but each retainer of any chief contributed in the productions of his holdings to the support of the chief's table. <u>27</u>/ |
| − | apportioned the lands to each | + | |
| − | Hawaiian, and on these | ||
| − | allotments were raised the taro, | ||
| − | the potatoes, the pigs, and the | ||
| − | chickens which constituted the | ||
| − | living of the family; even the | ||
| − | forests, which furnished the | ||
| − | material from which was made | ||
| − | the tapa cloth, were apportioned | ||
| − | to the women in like manner. It | ||
| − | is true that no one of the | ||
| − | common people could mortgage or | ||
| − | sell his land, but the wisdom of | ||
| − | this limitation is abundantly | ||
| − | proved by the homeless condition | ||
| − | of the Hawaiians at the present | ||
| − | day. Rent, eviction of tenants, | ||
| − | as understood in other lands, | ||
| − | were unknown; but each retainer | ||
| − | of any chief contributed in the | ||
| − | productions of his holdings to | ||
| − | the support of the chief's | ||
| − | table. 27/ | ||
The early inhabitants of Hawaii | The early inhabitants of Hawaii | ||
developed an economic system that was, | developed an economic system that was, | ||
| Line 32: | Line 10: | ||
basic land division of the islands | basic land division of the islands | ||
for landholding purposes was the | for landholding purposes was the | ||
| − | ahupua'a. The ideal ahupua'a extended | + | <u>ahupua'a</u>. The ideal u>ahupua'a</u> extended |
from the sea to the mountain. Within | from the sea to the mountain. Within | ||
| − | each ahupua'a, commoners engaged in | + | each <u>ahupua'a</u>, commoners engaged in |
the activities necessary to support | the activities necessary to support | ||
themselves and the chiefs. The | themselves and the chiefs. The | ||
| Line 40: | Line 18: | ||
taro and bananas, the sea for fishing, | taro and bananas, the sea for fishing, | ||
and the forests in the mountains | and the forests in the mountains | ||
| − | supplied bark | + | supplied bark for cloth and bird |
| − | feathers for ornaments. 28/ | + | feathers for ornaments. <u>28</u>/ |
| + | |||
In agriculture, a fairly sophisticated | In agriculture, a fairly sophisticated | ||
system of irrigation was developed | system of irrigation was developed | ||
to bring the large amounts of | to bring the large amounts of | ||
| − | water necessary | + | water necessary to grow taro to the |
dry lands. Periodically, droughts | dry lands. Periodically, droughts | ||
would occur, forcing the people to | would occur, forcing the people to | ||
survive on roots and ferns. | survive on roots and ferns. | ||
| + | |||
The sea provided an important | The sea provided an important | ||
| − | source of livelihood and | + | source of livelihood and sustenance. |
| − | The | + | The Hawaiians were expert fishermen |
| − | and skillful navigators. As | + | and skillful navigators. As with |
| − | agriculture, strict kapu | + | agriculture, strict <u>kapu</u> controlled |
the amount of fish caught and the | the amount of fish caught and the | ||
| − | seasons | + | seasons during which they could be |
caught, creating an efficient | caught, creating an efficient | ||
conservation scheme. | conservation scheme. | ||
| + | |||
Other occupations necessary to | Other occupations necessary to | ||
supply the needs of the culture | supply the needs of the culture | ||
included house-builders, canoebuilders, | included house-builders, canoebuilders, | ||
and bird-catchers (who | and bird-catchers (who | ||
| − | collected feathers for the | + | collected feathers for the magnificent |
Hawaiian capes, cloaks, and helmets). | Hawaiian capes, cloaks, and helmets). | ||
| − | 29/ | + | <u>29</u>/ |
| − | B. ISOLATION IS | + | |
| + | ==B. ISOLATION IS SHATTERED== | ||
| + | |||
The long isolation of the Hawaiian | The long isolation of the Hawaiian | ||
islands ended with the arrival of | islands ended with the arrival of | ||
| − | Captain James Cook of the | + | Captain James Cook of the British |
| − | Navy. Captain Cook was | + | Navy. Captain Cook was on his third |
| − | exploratory | + | exploratory voyage to the South |
| − | Pacific, travelling | + | Pacific, travelling from the Society |
Islands to the northwest coast of | Islands to the northwest coast of | ||
America, when he sighted Oahu and | America, when he sighted Oahu and | ||
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Sandwich Islands, in honor of his | Sandwich Islands, in honor of his | ||
benefactor, the Earl of Sandwich. | benefactor, the Earl of Sandwich. | ||
| + | |||
On January 19, the two ships under | On January 19, the two ships under | ||
| − | Cook's command, the Resolution | + | Cook's command, the <u>Resolution</u> and the |
| − | Discovery, landed on Kauai and traded | + | <u>Discovery</u>, landed on Kauai and traded |
| − | bits of iron | + | bits of iron (precious on the islands) |
for foodstuffs. Thus began the trade | for foodstuffs. Thus began the trade | ||
between Hawaiians and ships stopping | between Hawaiians and ships stopping | ||
at the islands to rest and replenish | at the islands to rest and replenish | ||
that would continue for generations. | that would continue for generations. | ||
| + | |||
Cook and his crew were enthusiastically | Cook and his crew were enthusiastically | ||
| − | received by the | + | received by the natives. At |
first they were somewhat confused at | first they were somewhat confused at | ||
the great respect and awe with which | the great respect and awe with which | ||
| Line 94: | Line 79: | ||
ships left Kauai and landed at Niihau, | ships left Kauai and landed at Niihau, | ||
the natives were just as impresses | the natives were just as impresses | ||
| − | with the ships and | + | with the ships and gust as interested |
in trading, especially for iron. | in trading, especially for iron. | ||
{{p|150}} | {{p|150}} | ||
Latest revision as of 18:02, 3 April 2006
- overseer. This officer apportioned the lands to each Hawaiian, and on these allotments were raised the taro, the potatoes, the pigs, and the chickens which constituted the living of the family; even the forests, which furnished the material from which was made the tapa cloth, were apportioned to the women in like manner. It is true that no one of the common people could mortgage or sell his land, but the wisdom of this limitation is abundantly proved by the homeless condition of the Hawaiians at the present day. Rent, eviction of tenants, as understood in other lands, were unknown; but each retainer of any chief contributed in the productions of his holdings to the support of the chief's table. 27/
The early inhabitants of Hawaii developed an economic system that was, by necessity, self-sufficient. Hawaiians lived off the abundance of land and the sea, harvesting and catching only what they needed to satisfy their immediate needs. The basic land division of the islands for landholding purposes was the ahupua'a. The ideal u>ahupua'a</u> extended from the sea to the mountain. Within each ahupua'a, commoners engaged in the activities necessary to support themselves and the chiefs. The lowlands were used for cultivation of taro and bananas, the sea for fishing, and the forests in the mountains supplied bark for cloth and bird feathers for ornaments. 28/
In agriculture, a fairly sophisticated system of irrigation was developed to bring the large amounts of water necessary to grow taro to the dry lands. Periodically, droughts would occur, forcing the people to survive on roots and ferns.
The sea provided an important source of livelihood and sustenance. The Hawaiians were expert fishermen and skillful navigators. As with agriculture, strict kapu controlled the amount of fish caught and the seasons during which they could be caught, creating an efficient conservation scheme.
Other occupations necessary to supply the needs of the culture included house-builders, canoebuilders, and bird-catchers (who collected feathers for the magnificent Hawaiian capes, cloaks, and helmets). 29/
B. ISOLATION IS SHATTERED
The long isolation of the Hawaiian islands ended with the arrival of Captain James Cook of the British Navy. Captain Cook was on his third exploratory voyage to the South Pacific, travelling from the Society Islands to the northwest coast of America, when he sighted Oahu and Kauai on January 18, 1778. He christened the island group the Sandwich Islands, in honor of his benefactor, the Earl of Sandwich.
On January 19, the two ships under Cook's command, the Resolution and the Discovery, landed on Kauai and traded bits of iron (precious on the islands) for foodstuffs. Thus began the trade between Hawaiians and ships stopping at the islands to rest and replenish that would continue for generations.
Cook and his crew were enthusiastically received by the natives. At first they were somewhat confused at the great respect and awe with which the natives, even the king and chiefs, beheld Captain Cook. When the two ships left Kauai and landed at Niihau, the natives were just as impresses with the ships and gust as interested in trading, especially for iron.
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