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State Government: The lead agencies in the State of Hawaii for historic preservation are the Department of Land and Natural Resources, the Department of Accounting and General Services, the Department of Education, and the University of Hawaii.

Federal Government: The primary role of the Federal Government in historic preservation is one of guidance and assistance. Guidance is provided in the form of setting criteria for evaluating resources, and in determining the requirement for grant programs. Assistance is in the form of grants, technical assistance, and leadership in the formation of policy and standards for historic preservation. The two federal agencies primarily responsible for historic preservation are the Department of the Interior and the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, an independent agency of the Executive Branch. 32/

Federal Government Involvement

The Federal Government greatly influences the administration of State and local historic preservation programs. Part of the duties of the Hawaii State Historic Preservation Officer, who is appointed by the Governor to serve as a liaison to the Federal Government, is to coordinate these diverse Federal activities. Federal involvement in the State and local management of historic preservation programs can be summarized as follows:

• Identification and evaluation: survey programs (Historic American Buildings Survey, Historic American Engineering Record); availability of grants for State, local, or private surveys; National Register and National Historic Landmark programs; and requirements for Federal projects to undertake surveys and authorization to Use funds for that purpose (Archeology and Historic Preservation Act of 1974, Department of Transportation acts).

• Protection: requirement that any activity on Federal land on licensed, funded, or certified by the Federal Government must be reviewed by the Advisory Council for adverse effects (National Environmental Policy Act, National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended).

• Preservation and enhancement: National Parks; authorization to transfer surplus property to State or local government for historic preservation purposes; availability of technical services on preservation technology; tax incentives; and availability of grants and loans.

• Overall planning and administration: availability of grants for planning; requirement to have a State Historic Preservation Officer (by mandate of National Historic Preservation Act of 1966); and national policies embodied primarily in the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 and Historic Sites Act of 1953. 33/

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